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APPENDIX
B - A SUMMARY OF GUNDRY'S ANALYSIS OF MATTHEAN CITATIONS
Mark’s formal
quotations are nearly always LXX. Various sources appear to be
used by other synoptic authors.
Formal quotations 40
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16 are common
to Mark & Matthew - Mark's formal quotations are almost
completely from the LXX. In some cases Matthew’s formal
quotations differ somewhat from both LXX & Mark (15:4a,
19:5,18,19; 22:32, 37; 26:31). In other cases Matthew’s
formal quotations vary only slightly or not at all with
the LXX (e.g. slight 3:3; 11:10; 15:8-9 & none 15:4b;
19:4; 21:13a & b, 42; 22:39, 44).
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4 are common
to Luke & Matthew (all associated with the temptation
narrative) – two are LXX (e.g. Mt.4:6,7) and two diverge
from but are related to the LXX (e.g. Mt.4:4,10)
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20 are peculiar
to Matthew – 7 are LXX (e.g. 1:23; 5:21, 27, 38, 43;
13:14f; 21:16); 7 are non-LXX (e.g. 2:6,15,18,23; 5:31;
9:13 = 12:7; 27:9f); 6 are a mixture of LXX and non-LXX
(e.g. 4:15f; 5:33; 8:17 this one may be non-LXX; 12:18-21;
13:35; 21:5); 2 may be associated with the Targum (2:6 &
12:18-21); 2 are associated with the OT Peshitta[1]
(2:6; 4:15f) and 1 with the Qumran literature (2:23 the
concept of the lowliness of the messiah’s origins,
c.f. Gundry pp. 97-104).
Allusive references[2]
- 108
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40 are common
to Mark – 11 are LXX (e.g. 8:4; 10:21; 12:4; 21:33;
22:24; 24:6b; 26:3f, 38, 67; 27:35, 48); 12 are non-LXX
(e.g. 3:17; 9:36; 14:16; 17:5; 19:7; 20:28; 24:24; 26:11,
41; 27:39, 46); 8 are a mixture of LXX and non-LXX[3]
(e.g. 19:26; 21:9; 4:6a, 7, 21, 29, 31; 26:64); 3 Matthew
agrees with LXX but not with Mark (e.g. 3:16; 13:13; 17:11;
2 differ from LXX & Theodotion (e.g. 24:15b, 34); 2
appear to agree with LXX but not Theodotion in some parts
and vice versa in other parts (e.g. 13:32 & 24:30);
1 appears to both agree with LXX against Theodotion and
to disagree with both in other parts (e.g. 24:15); 1 appears
to both agree with Theodotion[4]
against LXX and in some parts disagree with both (e.g. 24:13);
6 are similar to one or more Targums (e.g. 3:17; 17:5; 24:24,
31; 26:28); 5 are related to the OT Peshitta (e.g. The Peshitta
is a Syrian version of the OT – 19:26; 24:31; 26:28;
27:39); 1 may be related to an apocryphal passage (e.g.
24:21) and 1 may be related to rabbinical tradition (e.g.
14:16).
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26 are common
to Luke – 6 are LXX; 13 are non-LXX; 4 have points
of concordance & disagreement with LXX; 1 differs from
Luke and agrees with LXX; 1 partially agrees with Theodotion
against LXX and partially disagrees with both; 6 are related
to one or more Targums; 2 are related with the OT Peshitta;
1 is related to the Qumran War Scroll; 2 are related to
rabbinical tradition and 1 is related to Josephus.
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42 are peculiar
to Matthew – 15 are LXX (e.g. 2:1f, 11; 5:4,5,8; 7:22;
10:6,29; 12:40; 18:22; 21:14; 22:34; 27:34; 18:16; 27:24);
17 are non-LXX (e.g. 1:21; 2:13; 5:7, 34,35; 6:6; 11:28;
13:41; 16:27; 21:41; 23:19; 25:31; 26:15, 52; 27:43, 57;
28:10); 3 appear to be a mixture of LXX & non-LXX (e.g.
2:20f; 3:4; 11:29); 2 agree with Theodotion rather than
LXX (e.g. 13:43; 24:10); 1 agrees with LXX rather than Theodotion
(e.g. 28:18); 1 has points of both agreement and dissimilarity
Theodotion & LXX (e.g. 28:3); 1 wholly disagrees with
LXX & Theodotion (e.g. 25:46); 1 is closely correlated
to a Targum (e.g. 26:52); 2 are related to Targums (e.g.
5:5; 23:19); 1 is related to the OT Peshitta (e.g. 27:43);
1 is related to apocryphal literature (e.g. 27:24) and 2
use Targum-like phrases (e.g. 25:35f & 28:10).
NOTES
[1]
This is the Syrian version of the OT. Return to Text.
[2]
Gundry admits these allusive correlations are sometimes tentative
(e.g. 10:32f & 14:16). Return to Text.
[3]
Gundry says that non-LXX should not be construed as meaning MT
because in some cases the translation is poorer and in other cases
the author uses a 'Targum-like' freedom to paraphrase or expand
an OT allusion. Return to Text.
[4]
Theodotion refers to one of several later versions of the LXX
(e.g. Aquila & Symmachus are later versions as well) that
exist in fragments. There are thought to be over 300 versions
of the LXX. Return to Text.
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